目的 探讨系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者外周血中25-羟基维生素D(25-OH-D)和白介素-17(IL-17)水平的变化及其临床意义。方法 选取40例SLE患者作为研究对象, 20例健康体检人员为健康对照组。运用电化学发光法检测25-OH-D水平,酶联免疫吸附法检测IL-17水平。结果 SLE患者25-OH-D水平明显低于健康对照组(P<0.01),活动期SLE患者25-OH-D水平明显低于缓解期患者(P<0.01)。SLE患者IL-17水平明显升高(P<0.01)。低25-OH-D水平与肾损害(P<0.01)相关,与疾病活动度评分(SLEDAI评分)(r=-0.844,P<0.01)及IL-17水平(r=-0.596,P<0.01)负相关。结论 SLE患者25-OH-D水平降低,低25-OH-D水平与肾损害、病情活动及高IL-17水平相关,25-OH-D可能参与了SLE的炎症进程。

Objective To assess the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) and interleukin-17(IL-17) status in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and its clinical significance. Methods 40 SLE patients along with 20 matched controls were collected. Chemilumineseent immunoassay (CLIA) was used to detect the levers of serum 25-OH-D. The levels of serum IL-17 were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Serum 25-OH-D level in SLE patients was significantly lower than in healthy controls (P<0.01). Serum 25-OH-D level in active SLE patients was significantly lower than in inactive SLE patients (P<0.01). Lever of IL-17 was significantly higher in SLE patients than in healthy controls (P<0.01). Insufficiency of 25-OH-D was related to renal disorders. Serum 25-OH-D level was negatively correlated with systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) scores(r=-0.844, P<0.01)and serum levels of IL-17(r=-0.596, P<0.01). Conclusion Insufficiency of 25-OH-D is prevalent in SLE patients. It is associated with nephritis, disease activity and high serum levels of IL-17, thus it may play an important part in the inflammatory process in SLE.

目的 通过高通量测序法对多重耐药大肠埃希菌HX43进行耐药分子机制的研究。方法 用Illumina Miseq平台对HX43进行高通量测序,用Edena、RAST、ResFinder、MLST和BLAST等生物信息学工具或数据库进行数据分析,获得耐药基因相关序列数据。结果 HX43对多种临床常用抗生素均不敏感,仅对碳氢霉烯类药物敏感。对高通量测序数据的分析研究发现,该菌存在多种耐药基因,包括β-内酰胺类耐药基因3个(bla_CMY-42、bla_CTX-M-14和bla_OXA-30),氨基糖苷类耐药基因5个(aac(3)-IIa、aadA5、 strA、 strB和aac(6′)-Ib-cr),喹诺酮类耐药基因1个(aac(6′)-Ib-cr),磺胺及甲氧苄啶类耐药基因3个(sul1、sul2和dfrA17),四环素耐药基因1个(tet(B)),氯霉素耐药基因2个(catB3和cmlA1),大环内酯类耐药基因2个(erm(B)和mph(A))。对包含bla_CMY-42的contigs进行分析,发现该基因与ISEcp1插入序列、blc和sugE等基因相关联。质粒分型发现HX43携带5种不相容群的质粒。多位点序列分型(MLST)分析发现HX43属于ST3835,为国内外较少见的序列型。结论 高通量测序技术可准确获得临床菌株抗生素耐药的相关基因信息,为临床抗菌治疗提供重要的实验室数据支持。

Objective To investigate the molecular resistance mechanism of Escherichia coli HX43 by high-throughput sequencing. Methods HX43 was sequenced by the Illumina Miseq platform, and sequencing data were analyzed by the Edena, RAST, ResFinder, MLST and BLAST softwares and databases. Results HX43 was resistant to most common clinical antibiotics except carbapenems. Analysis of data revealed resistance genes to β-lactams (bla_CMY-42, bla_CTX-M-14 and bla_OXA-30), aminoglycosides (aac(3)-IIa, aadA5, strA, strB and aac(6′)-Ib-cr), quinolones (aac(6′)-Ib-cr), trimethoprim/sulfonamides(sul1, sul2 and dfrA17), tetracyclines (tet(B)), chloramphenicol (catB3 and cmlA1), macrolides(erm(B) and mph(A)). Sequence analysis of the contig containing bla_CMY-42 identified correlations of the gene with ISEcp1 insertion sequences, blc and sugE genes. Plasmid typing identified 5 plasmid incompatibility groups in HX43. MLST analysis found that HX43 belonged to ST3835, a relatively rare sequence type in the world. Conclusion Information of resistance genes can be obtained by high-throughput sequencing, which provides important experimental data for clinical antimicrobial treatment.

目的 利用新的分型方法指导现有的微创技术下内固定的选择,提示预后,帮助制定术后康复计划。方法 将200例患者随机分成两组,一组为旧Evans分型组,另一组为改良Evans分型组,通过多层螺旋三维CT重建引导下改良Evans分型,对三个重点区域(股骨内距、头颈部及粗隆外侧入针点部位)的CT成像,利用多平面重组(MPR)、表面遮盖显示(SSD)及容积再现(VR)等多种后处理,分析骨折线走形、局部的微骨折、骨小梁分布、骨皮质厚度的骨折部内环境变化。简化整合到Evans分型中。来实现完善影像分型,有效地指导微创手术。对比两组患者的疗效。结果 新Evans分型组98例患者愈合良好,时间为9~17周,中位数为11.2周。其中伤口感染3例,髋关节内翻畸形3例,骨骨头坏死3例,按照髋关节治疗标准评分,优53例,良31例,可9例,差7例。优良率(包括优和良)为84%。旧Evans分型组80例患者愈合良好,时间为9~18周,中位数为11.8周。其中伤口感染10例,髋关节内翻畸形5例,股骨头坏死8例,按照髋关节治疗标准评分,优48例,良26例,可10例,差16例。优良率(包括优和良)为74%。两组对比,新Evans分型组优良率明显高于旧Evans分型组,差异有统计学意义。P＜0.05。结论 多层螺旋三维CT重建引导下的改良Evans分型对老年脆骨性粗隆间骨折的微创治疗有重要的临床指导意义。

目的 探讨肺淋巴管肌瘤病(PLAM)的临床特征,诊断和治疗,提高对PLAM的认识,合并顽固性低氧血症时需警惕并发肺动脉栓塞,预防漏诊及误诊。方法 回顾分析1例确诊的PLAM合并肺栓塞患者病例资料,并结合相关文献进行复习。结果 PLAM是以弥漫性肺囊性病变为特征的一种罕见的缓慢进展的肿瘤性疾病,好发于育龄期女性,临床表现为呼吸困难、反复自发性气胸和乳糜胸。肺功能多表现为阻塞性或混合性通气功能障碍和弥散功能障碍,动脉血气显示低氧血症。高分辨CT(HRCT)示双肺弥漫性薄壁囊性改变。病理学检查示肺组织淋巴管增生和扩张,管外平滑肌细胞明显增生。诊断主要依靠高分辨CT、肺功能以及病理组织活检。血管内皮生长因子D是无创且可靠的血清学诊断标准。雷帕霉素抑制剂如西罗莫司科可有效治疗本病。结论 育龄期妇女,如反复出现自发性气胸、活动后呼吸困难,胸部HRCT示双肺弥漫分布囊状改变,临床上应想到PLAM可能。随疾病的进展出现顽固性的呼吸困难、低氧血症不能纠正时,需考虑是否合并存在肺动脉栓塞的可能,CT肺动脉造影可确诊。

目的 探讨乳腺深部脓肿患者采用麦默通微创旋切术治疗与传统切开引流术比较。方法 选取2016年2月—2017年1月我院收治乳腺深部脓肿患者62例为研究对象,根据患者自愿选择手术方式分为麦默通组(麦默通微创旋切术,38例)和传统组(传统切开引流术,24例),比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、术后1 d疼痛、手术切口长度,并对两组患者随访6个月,比较脓肿复发及切口感染、乳房变形、皮肤感觉障碍、乳瘘等并发症发生率。结果 麦默通组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、术后1 d疼痛、手术切口长度均少于传统组(P＜0.05)。两组患者术后脓肿复发率无统计学意义(P＞0.05);麦默通组患者术后切口感染、乳房变性、皮肤感觉障碍、乳瘘发生率均低于传统组(P＞0.05)。结论 乳腺深部脓肿患者采用麦默通微创旋切术治疗,相对传统切口引流术可减轻患者手术创伤、缩短患者术后康复时间,降低术后并发症发生率,具有更为显著临床疗效。

目的 观察和研究功能锻炼和心理护理对中风后肩手综合征老年患者功能康复的影响,以及对运动功能、日常生活活动能力的影响。方法 选取2015年6月—2017年2月收治的中风后肩手综合征老年患者60例为研究对象,随机法分为干预组与对照组,各30例。干预组在给予内科常规治疗及护理的同时,采用功能锻炼心理干预等方法进行处理;对照组仅进行内科的常规治疗及护理。运动功能则采用Fugl-Meyer评分法(FMA)进行评分,而日常生活活动能力采用改良Barthel指数(MBI)进行评分。并比较两组患者干预前后焦虑、抑郁水平。结果 干预组FMA评分以及MBI评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后干预组患者焦虑、抑郁评分低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 采用功能锻炼和心理护理能提高中风后偏瘫患者的运动功能以及日常生活活动能力,缓解或消除患者焦虑抑郁等负性情绪,效果明显,值得推广应用。

Objective To observe and study of functional exercise and psychological nursing for stroke shoulder hand syndrome after the influence of the elderly patients with functional rehabilitation, and the influence on motor function and ability of daily life activities. Methods 60 cases of elderly patients with apoplexy after apoplexy were selected from June 2015 to February 2017. They randomly were divided into two groups: intervention group and control group, each with 30 cases. The intervention group was treated with functional exercise psychological intervention with giving routine treatment and nursing care as the same time. The control group only conducted routine treatment and nursing care. The exercise function was rated by the Fugl-Meyer scoring method (FMA), while the improved Barthel index (MBI) was used to score the daily activities. The anxiety and depression levels were compared between the two groups. Results The FMA score of the intervention group and MBI score were higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The anxiety and depression scores of the intervention group were lower than those in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.01). Conclusion The functional exercise and psychological care may improve movement function in patients with hemiplegia after stroke, and daily life activities ability, alleviate or eliminate negative emotions, including anxiety depression. It is worth promoting.

目的 探讨动力髋螺钉(dynamic hip screws,DHS)内固定与股骨近端解剖钢板在不同类型股骨粗隆间骨折中的应用价值。方法 研究对象取自于我院2013年11月—2014年11月收治的76例不同类型股骨粗隆间骨折患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组。对照组采用DHS内固定治疗;观察组用股骨近端解剖钢板治疗。统计两组患者手术时间等手术指标,记录并发症发生情况,随访6个月调查患者骨折愈合优良率。结果 观察组手术时间、术中出血量及术中输血量[(83.6±13.8)min、(236.5±27.3)mL和(208.3±86.6)mL]均优于对照组(P<0.05);较对照组,观察组术后并发症发生率13.2%低,骨折愈合优良率81.5%高,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 为确保获得理想治疗效果,临床应结合股骨粗隆间骨折患者的骨折类型选择合适方法。股骨近端解剖钢板手术时间短、术中出血量少,术后并发症发生率低,优势更明显。

目的 观察不同疗程吗替麦考酚酯(MMF)治疗激素依赖或激素抵抗成人微小病变肾病(MCD)的疗效和复发率。方法 2011年2月—2013年8月我院收治的25例激素依赖或抵抗成人MCD,随机分为短疗程组12例和长疗程组13例。短疗程组给予MMF联合口服泼尼松治疗6个月,观察12月,长疗程组治疗18个月,前6个月治疗同短疗程组,此后单用小剂量MMF维持,观察两组的疗效及复发率。结果 长疗程组有1例因严重感染在第2月退出研究,其余24例均完成18月的随诊;两组在治疗第6月时尿蛋白定量降低、血浆白蛋白升高,均与治疗前有差异(均P<0.05);与第6月比较,疗程结束时短疗程组尿24小时蛋白定量升高(P<0.05),长疗程组尿24小时定量无明显改变(P>0.05);治疗第6月两组均有9例完全缓解(75%),两组无差异(χ²=0.372,P>0.05);治疗第18月时与第6月比较,短疗程组6例复发(54.54%),长疗程组有2例复发(18.18%),两组复发率比较无差异(χ²=0.076,P>0.05)。结论 MMF能有效诱导缓解成人MCD,小剂量维持治疗可以有效降低复发率。

Objective To observe the efficacy and recurrence rates of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) on hormone-dependent or steroid-resistant adult minimal change disease (MCD). Methods We retrospectively reviewed the records of adult patients at Shunde district hospital of traditonal Chinese medicine of Foshan for minimal change from February 2011 to August 2013. All patients who were hormone-dependent or steroid-resistant were collected. Twenty-five patients were randomly divided into short or long course group. The patient at short course group was given MMF combined with oral prednisone for 6 months, and the long course group was given for 18 months. Patient demographics, efficacy of medicines and recurrence rates were observed. Results Except one case of the long course group quitting at the second month because of severe infection, the other cases all finished the 18 months of follow up. At the 6 month after therapy with MMF, in both group, the 24h urine protein had lowered significantly (P<0.05) and the serum albumin level had risen remarkably (P<0.05). At the end of the follow up, compared with the 6 month after therapy, the 24 h urine protein of the short course group had increased (P<0.05), while those of the long course group had no obvious difference (P>0.05). At the 6 month after therapy, there were 9 cases achieved complete remission.There was no significant difference between the two groups (χ²=0.372, P>0.05). At the end of the follow up, compared with the 6 month after therapy, there were 6 cases experienced relapse (54.54%) in the short course group and 2 cases of those in the long course group (18.18%), but with no significant difference between them (χ²=0.076, P>0.05). Conclusion MMF can induce the remission of adult MCD efficiently, and its low dose maintenance treatment can decrease recurrence rates.

目的 探讨脑钠肽(BNP)在协助判断肺结核合并呼吸衰竭疗效及预后的价值。方法 2013年1月—2014年12月我院收治初治菌阳肺结核合并呼衰共81例,分别在抗结核、呼衰治疗前及2 周末行BNP、动脉血气分析及胸部X线检查;按住院号对应随机数字表随机抽取我院同期初治菌阳肺结核无合并呼衰104例作为对照组,采集两组数据进行回顾性病例对照研究。结果 肺结核合并呼衰BNP高于单纯肺结核11.4倍(1115.11 pg/mL比97.60 pg/mL),全肺结核高于非全肺结核3.4倍(1549.82 pg/mL比449.47 pg/mL)。治疗前BNP与PaO₂、SaO₂和pH值呈负相关,与PaCO₂呈正相关,治疗后两者无相关性。2周末 BNP是治疗前0.57倍(632.41 pg/mL比1115.11 pg/mL),死亡组高于存活组8.7倍(3119.63 pg/mL比359.84 pg/mL)。结论 肺结核合并呼衰BNP升高,治疗后随病情好转持续下降,有可能成为协助判断疗效及估测预后的指标之一。

Objective Discussion about value of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in helping to determine the efficacy and prognostic of pulmonary tuberculosis combine with respiratory failure. Methods 81 cases were admitted from January 2013 to December 2014 in our hospital of early treatment sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis with respiratory failure. And the cases were carried out BNP, arterial blood gas analysis and chest X-ray before treatment and after two weeks respectively.104 cases of earlier sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis accompanied with respiratory failure were randomly drawn according to the corresponding random number of hospitalization as a control group. Two sets of data were collected to conduct retrospective case-control study. Results BNP of pulmonary tuberculosis combine with respiratory failure is 11.4 times higher than that of tuberculosis alone (1115.11 pg/mL compare 97.60 pg/mL), the whole TB is 3.4 times higher than non-full-tuberculosis (1549.82 pg/mL t compare 449.47 pg/mL). Before treatment, BNP was negatively correlated to PaO₂, SaO₂ and pH BNP was positively correlated with PaCO₂. There was no correlation after treatment between BNP and PaCO₂.After two weeks BNP is 0.57 times of the pre-treatment (632.41 pg/mL compared 1115.11 pg/mL). The group of death is 8.7 times higher than the survival group (3119.63 pg/mL compared 359.84 pg/mL). Conclusion BNP was significantly increased in patient accompanied tuberculosis with respiratory failure .The condition is continued to decline after treatment. There is likely to be one of the indicators of helping to determine the efficacy and estimate prognosis.

目的 探讨分娩前后母体血浆D-二聚体的变化及其在预测和预防静脉血栓栓塞症的临床意义。方法 回顾性分析2015年5月在东莞市长安医院分娩的、产前与产后均进行了D-二聚体检测,产前与产后均未使用抗凝药物并产后随访6周的102例产妇的临床资料。结果 分娩后48~72小时,75.5%的产妇血浆D-二聚体水平下降,24.5%的产妇血浆D-二聚体水平升高。血浆D-二聚体水平升高的产妇60%存在发生VTE的高危因素,经积极预防,无静脉血栓栓塞症病例发生。结论 比较分娩前后母体血浆D-二聚体水平是有临床意义的。对分娩后母体血浆D-二聚体水平升高者,尤其是存在血栓高危因素者应高度重视,积极预防静脉血栓栓塞症。