瘦素是维持人体能量代谢平衡的蛋白质,在人体中主要由白色脂肪组织分泌,通过与瘦素受体结合发挥作用。近年来有许多与瘦素相关的研究证明高血压患者及代谢综合征患者的血清瘦素水平较健康人群明显升高。两种疾病均可出现心室肥厚,蛋白尿,动脉粥样硬化等表现,说明二者存在共同的靶器官。瘦素代谢异常可出现瘦素抵抗并通过影响肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(renin angiotensin aldosterone system, RAAS)及炎症细胞因子来损伤靶器官。本文旨在总结瘦素在高血压及代谢综合征中的作用机制,并探讨瘦素对高血压合并代谢综合征靶器官损伤作用的研究进展。

Leptin is a protein that maintains the balance of energy metabolism in human body. It is mainly secreted by white adipose tissue in human body. In recent years, many studies have shown that the serum leptin level in patients with hypertension complicated with metabolic syndrome is significantly higher than that of healthy people. Both of the diseases can lead to left ventricular hypertrophy, proteinuria, atherosclerosis and other manifestations. The abnormal metabolism of leptin may contribute to leptin resistance which damages target organs by affecting the angiotensin aldosterone system and inflammatory cytokines. The aim of this article is to summarize the mechanism of leptin in hypertension and metabolic syndrome, and to explore its effect on the target organ damage in patients with hypertension complicated with metabolic syndrome.