目的 探讨常规超声心动图联合二维斑点追踪技术评估急性白血病患儿在接受蒽环类药物治疗后产生的心脏毒性,早期检测左心功能障碍。方法 采用前瞻性非随机观察研究,选取新诊断急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿20例,分别于确诊白血病后接受蒽环类药物治疗前、接受所有蒽环类药物剂量后以及确诊白血病1年后,进行常规超声心动图和二维斑点技术监测评估心脏毒性。结果 左室流出道速度积分TVI和E、E/E’在治疗期间下降,并在诊断后1年恢复至治疗前数值。在二维斑点追踪纵向应变中,GLPS-LAX、GLPS-A2C、LV-GLPS在完成所有蒽环类药物剂量后与诊断后比较差异有统计学意义,以及诊断后1年与蒽环类药物治疗后比较差异有统计学意义。但GLPS-A4C各时间点比较差异无统计学意义。结论 常规超声心动图联合二维斑点追踪技术的纵向整体应变可早期发现白血病患儿化疗所致的左室功能障碍。

Objective To evaluate cardiotoxicity in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with anthracyclines by echocardiography combined with 2D speckle tracking imaging,and to detect left heart dysfunction early．Methods In this prospective nonrandomized study,20 children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia were assessed for cardiotoxicity by echocardiography and 2D speckle tracking imaging in three periods during the treatment．Results The left ventricular outflow tract velocity integral TVI and E,E/E’ decreased during treatment,and went back to the pre-treatment value one year after diagnosis．In the longitudinal strain of 2D speckle tracking imaging,in GLPS-LAX,GLPS-A2C,LV-GLPS,there were statistical differences between treatment completed and after diagnosis,and between 1 year after diagnosis and treatment completed．However,GLPS-A4C has no statistical significance．Conclusion sThe conventional echocardiography combined with longitudinal overall strain of 2D speckle tracking imaging can comprehensively evaluate the early changes of left ventricular dysfunction caused by chemotherapy in children with leukemia．

目的 本文主要分析乳腺癌患者应用蒽环类药物序贯曲妥珠单抗治疗对其心脏毒性的相关危险因素,并按照危险因素选择合适患者的治疗方案。方法 研究纳入了2019年6月—2022年6月在本院接受治疗的300例乳腺癌患者,患者接受蒽环类药物序贯曲妥珠单抗治疗,按照患者治疗期间是否发生心脏毒性进行分组,即为11例发生心脏毒性(观察组),289例患者未发生心脏毒性(对照组)。记录2组患者个人基础资料、肿瘤分期、病史、蒽环类药物以及联合化疗等因素,通过Logistic回归逐一对各项因素展开分析,了解相关危险因素。结果 在本次研究分析中,心脏毒性发生例数为11例,发生率为3.67%。其中289例患者未出现心脏毒性,患者用药后未出现相关反应。2组患者在联合放疗、高脂血症、蒽环类药物种类均有差异,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 乳腺癌患者应用蒽环类药物序贯曲妥珠单抗后,发生心脏毒性的几率升高,其危险因素主要包括高脂血症史、应用表柔比星治疗以及左胸放疗史。