Objective To explore the effect of short-term massive hemoptysis on the procedure-related bleeding of bronchoscopy. Methods The clinical data of patients with more than 30 mL bleeding caused by bronchoscopy operation in Guangzhou Chest Hospital from December 2015 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. According to whether massive hemoptysis occurred in the past week, the patients were divided into observation group (massive hemoptysis group) and control group (no massive hemoptysis group). The bleeding volume, the incidence of massive hemorrhage, blood clot and asphyxia were compared between the two groups. Results The amount of bleeding and the incidence of massive hemorrhage in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, that there was a statistical significance between the two groups. There was no statistical significance between the two groups in the incidence of blood clots and asphyxia. Conclusion Patients with recent massive hemoptysis have a higher risk of massive haemorrhage due to bronchoscopy.