作为胃肠道的常见疾病，慢传输型便秘近年来患病率逐年上升。关于该病的具体病因和病理机制目前仍未完全明确，部分患者保守治疗效果欠佳，症状难以彻底缓解。随着病程的延长，患者的生活质量受到显著影响。若长期治疗无效，还可能诱发胃肠道肿瘤、心脑血管疾病等疾病，进一步加重患者的经济与心理负担。在此背景下，外科手术为慢传输型便秘缓解症状提供了新的选择。多数就诊于外科门诊的患者已有数年的便秘病史，曾尝试口服泻药、开塞露刺激或灌肠等常规治疗，但效果均不理想，最终转向手术干预。目前的标准术式以全结肠切除或次全结肠切除为主。近年来，次全结肠切除联合盲乙状结肠吻合术的应用取得了良好疗效，而针对混合型便秘设计的金陵术式也展现出独特的优势。文章通过系统梳理近年来的相关文献，从病因学、发病机制、诊断方法、治疗现状及手术疗效等方面，对慢传输型便秘进行了全面阐述，旨在增进对该疾病的深入理解，从而为临床诊疗策略提供新的理论思路。

      As a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder，slow transit constipation（STC） has demonstrated a steadily increasing incidence in recent years．The precise etiology and underlying pathological mechanisms of STC remain incompletely elucidated，with conservative management often proving inadequate for achieving complete symptom resolution in a subset of patients．Chronic disease progression significantly compromises patients’ quality of life，and prolonged ineffective treatment may predispose individuals to serious complications including gastrointestinal neoplasms and cardiovascular disorders，thereby imposing substantial economic and psychological burdens．Within this clinical context，surgical intervention has emerged as a viable therapeutic alternative for refractory STC．The majority of surgical candidates typically present with a multi-year history of constipation refractory to conventional therapies such as oral laxatives，rectal stimulants，and enema administration．Current standard surgical approaches predominantly involve total or subtotal colectomy．Notably，subtotal colectomy with cecosigmoid anastomosis has demonstrated particularly favorable outcomes in recent clinical practice，while the Jinling procedure，a novel surgical technique specifically designed for mixed-type constipation，has shown distinctive therapeutic advantages．This comprehensive review systematically evaluates contemporary literature to provide an integrated perspective on STC，encompassing its etiological factors，pathogenic mechanisms，diagnostic modalities，current treatment paradigms，and surgical outcomes．Through this scholarly synthesis，we aim to deepen the clinical understanding of this condition and propose innovative theoretical frameworks to inform future therapeutic strategies．